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п»ї<title>Hypervigilance in the couple's relationship.</title>
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Do you act as a detective in your relationship, do you look for signs or signals that indicate changes or to check that everything is going well, do you continuously check the environment and behaviors of your partner? Sometimes, in couple relationships, this type of behavior known as hypervigilance can develop, which in the long run leads to arguments and conflicts, because the other person feels that he/she is not given the space he/she needs or demands.
The big problem of hypervigilance in a couple's relationship is that reality is usually distorted little by little. That is to say, it starts with small indications or punctual doubts until questioning almost all the movements, gestures and words of the other person. The hypervigilant person finds signals that do not really exist because he or she misinterprets the other's intentions.
Psychologist Tyan Dayton describes hypervigilance in the couple relationship as a state of stress and distress that appears in certain situations where there is an underlying trauma. However, we will address this issue more extensively.
It is hypothesized that if hypervigilance was present in our parents' relationship, it is more likely that we may develop this type of behavior in our relationships. Somehow, we have been imbued with it since we were children and have learned it. However, there may be other reasons as well.
For example, if we have been unfaithful in another relationship and this has had a very strong emotional impact on us, we may use hypervigilance as a strategy to ensure that it does not happen again. The problem is that this type of behavior ends up generating states of anguish and feeds the seed of distrust in the relationship.
On the other hand, it can also happen that if we are not loyal to our partner we end up projecting insecurity and fear on him/her; in this way, it is possible that he/she will develop hypervigilant behaviors at some point.
People who suffer from emotional dependence tend to hypervigilate their partners. The reason is that they have a great fear of losing them as a result of their low self-esteem and certain unconscious beliefs that lead them to act in a very unhealthy way.
Misinterpretation of signalsOne of the main characteristics that indicate the presence of hypervigilance in the couple are the wrong interpretations of the other's behaviors. This may be due to comparing certain signals (gestures or words) with those perceived in the past. It is usually a consequence of the anguish, stress or fear we experience.
An example of this would be when our partner is quieter than usual or receives many messages on the cell phone. If they were unfaithful in the past or perhaps before breaking the relationship they were silent in different situations, our mind may activate the alarm signal and with it, the mechanism of hypervigilance. Irrational thoughts such as "if he is silent, something is wrong with him", "he receives many messages, maybe he is fooling around with someone else" or "he is no longer interested in me because he hardly talks" start to appear.
This string of thoughts increases distrust and can even lead to outbursts of anger. In this way, the couple's relationship deteriorates, especially if we do not talk to the other person about what is happening to us and draw our own conclusions. For this reason, it is important to recognize that we are experiencing hypervigilance in the couple's relationship in order to ask for professional help.
Changing the conception we have of relationships, in particular, of our couple relationship, solving past experiences and entrenched traumas and learning strategies to manage our emotions will be key to banish this type of behavior.
If something is not right in our relationships, if we live subjected to anguish and distrust, let us act to solve it. Perpetuating harmful behavior will not only damage our relationships, but will prevent us from growing and enjoying healthier relationships.
It is important to mention that hypervigilance in a couple's relationship sometimes seems to be "normalized", which is why it is so difficult to identify. However, detecting the damage done by this attitude of constant alertness in search of signs that, in reality, we would prefer not to find, will allow us to take action to begin to resolve it.
Relationships should be enjoyed and each one of us has the responsibility to work on our traumas, experiences and emotional pain to build healthy relationships that add instead of subtract.
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Chronopharmacology: the effect of drugs governed by time.
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п»ї<title>Chronopharmacology: the effect of drugs governed by time.</title>

Chronopharmacology is a relatively new concept. It relates to the biological rhythms that govern our body and how these can affect the body's response to drugs.
Physiology, as we say, is regulated by certain rhythms, but so is pathology. In other words, diseases also have their patterns in time, just like biological processes.
The aim of these studies is to achieve a rational use of drugs that will lead us to improve their efficacy in the treatment of different pathologies.
What is chronopharmacology? Chronopharmacology is a branch of pharmacology that studies the impact of the time of administration of drugs on their therapeutic response in our organism and, therefore, on their efficacy.
It is based on chronobiology, which is the study of biological rhythms and their influence on physiological processes. According to this, there are three types of rhythms that govern our body:
Circadian: rhythms of about 24 hours. They are the most studied. The most common example is sleep/wakefulness.
Infradian: longer than 24 hours or low frequency. An example is the menstrual cycle that lasts approximately 28 days.
Ultradian: less than 24 hours or high frequency. They occur more than once a day and can last up to milliseconds. An example is heart rate or respiration. Another example is the secretion of both hormones and neurotransmitters.
As mentioned above, just like our body, pathologies also follow certain rhythms over time. These patterns can also be related to day and night or to the seasons, among others. We can see an example of this in depression or in disorders such as hypertension or rheumatoid arthritis.
It is well known that the effect of drugs on our body depends on many factors and is influenced by different variables, both internal and external to the individual. One of them, perhaps not so well studied, is the temporal variation in the administration of drugs.
The development of chronopharmacology has opened up a new field of study and has made it possible to study how biological rhythms influence different aspects of the action of drugs in our body:
Depending on the time of administration, some drugs may decrease their toxic effect and further increase their efficacy. This is the case of certain antitumor drugs or drugs with a narrow therapeutic margin, such as carbamazepine, lithium or valproic acid.
In other cases, the variation in the functioning of the digestive system throughout the day determines the absorption of drugs. The same is true for the renal system in their elimination, for example.
The functioning of the enzymes responsible for metabolism is not the same at all times of the day.
Some drugs interact with their specific receptor with greater or lesser affinity according to biological rhythms.
Currently, there are some drug presentations on the market that follow release systems based on chronopharmacology. This is the case for drugs formulated to be released gradually over time or after a certain number of hours, for example.
How can chronopharmacology help us? Studies on the variability of pharmacological response according to the time of administration of drugs can bring great advances in the rational use of drugs.
The administration of each drug at the most appropriate time will increase its efficacy and reduce its side effects. It is as important to achieve effectiveness as it is to achieve safety.
Chronopharmacology may also make it possible to individualize treatments even more to better adapt them to the conditions of each patient and each pathology. These, moreover, may vary in the same way over time.
More studies are still needed in these areas so that the concepts of chronopharmacology can be applied on a regular basis in the routine treatment of patients. The aim is to adapt medicine to the biological cycles of individuals in order to improve its efficacy and safety.
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п»ї<title>Science shows negative effects of TV on children</title>

Before starting, it is important to say that TV is not bad in itself. However, as a socializing agent, it is a transmitter of values. Thus, it becomes an important actor in the development of our children. In this way, science studies again and again the possible negative effects of TV on children, and there are many if we let them expose themselves in excess, without control or tutelage.
As Agatha Christie once said, "one of the luckiest things that can happen to you in life is to have a happy childhood". Whether a child enjoys his or her childhood depends mainly on us, his or her parents, educators and mentors. Hence, we have to be alert to any harmful agent that tries to harm our children.
Negative effects of TV on childrenLet's get down to business. Television can be very positive for children if we know how to manage its viewing in favor of the interests of the little ones. That is why today we are going to discover how to make it meet these interests.
According to a study conducted at the Universities of Michicgan and Sainte Justine in Quebec, the more time children spent in front of the television between the ages of 2 and 4, the more harmful habits they adopted later, at the age of 10.
In addition, these children showed delays in different areas. For example, 7% less commitment to school, 6% less mathematical achievement or 13% less time spent in physical activity.
They also showed a 10% increase in peer victimization, a 9% increase in soft drink consumption and a 10% increase in snacking. In other words, an increasing acquisition of very unhealthy habits.
What is the reason for this? Childhood is vital for brain development. In the intense process to which they are subjected during this stage, when the selective stabilization of synapses takes place, TV is not the best company. However, play and physical contact are.
"Play is the highest form of research."
-Albert Einstein
Overexposure to TV increases anxiety and violenceThe research director of INSERM and neuroscientist Michel Desmurget highlights the impact TV has on today's culture. So much so that he has concluded his studies demonstrating that the idiot box has the capacity to transform us into more anxious, aggressive and competitive beings.
But in this case, and referring to children, Desmurget affirms that it is directly related to attention disorders in the initial stages of growth. In addition, it also causes them a higher degree of anxiety. And, as if that were not enough, these profiles show a high level of adolescent delinquency.
In other words, television and the excessive exposure of children show a certain laxity in the educational task of the family. Moreover, it is also observed that as a socializing agent, without an authoritative voice to guide children, it can be totally counterproductive.
Health problems due to excessive exposure to TVAlthough it may seem strange, the health of children between 2 and 10 years of age who spend more than 2 hours per day may be negatively altered. Specifically, by promoting a sedentary lifestyle, they are up to 30% more likely to have hypertension.
In addition, a high TV consumption is associated with an excess of image care. In fact, studies show that the more adolescents are exposed to TV, the more concern they show for their weight. This can even be positive if it does not turn into an extreme, of course, as long as it is not taken to the extreme.
Can we moderate the negative effects of TV on children? Indeed, the negative effects of TV on children can be perfectly minimized. But to take advantage of the positive impact of this medium on children, we must be attentive to certain details:
Allowing the use of one to two hours per day and trying to ensure that the content is adapted and of quality.
Before the age of two, children should be stimulated with objects and toys, but not with television. Activities that develop their brain, such as conversation or reading, are more recommendable.
It is a good idea to watch TV together with the children.
"The best way to make children good is to make them happy."
-Oscar Wilde"
As we can see, TV does not have to be negative. With proper control and responsible use, it will be very easy to take advantage of the benefits of this medium. Even more so today, when the possibilities we have allow us to choose practically Г  la carte the programs and schedules in which we consume audiovisual content.
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п»ї<title>Do you enjoy your vacations and your free time?</title>

There are people, case in point Frank Tyger, who say that "when you love your job, every day is a vacation." Well, maybe for some that's true, but the vast majority probably aren't that lucky. So when the option to enjoy time off comes along, you have to do it, and if possible, do it in a big way.
Unfortunately, reality seems to paint a very different picture. According to some estimates, one third of Spanish divorces take place after the vacations. It seems logical to think that these people have not enjoyed them too much and even return to work more saturated than they left.
The truth is that enjoying the vacations is not really a whim or a fancy. So says a study by researchers at Stanford University. In fact, they are so necessary that they have even created a list of tips to make the best use of free time.
According to the studies, no matter how much we like our work, our jobs are physically and mentally exhausting (depending on the profession, of course). Despite weekends and holidays, the burden of responsibility and stress becomes heavier and heavier on our shoulders every day when a year goes by without a week off.
Moreover, in the digital society we live in, many of our acquaintances and close ones seem to enjoy amazing vacations and upload their photos to social networks. If this is really the case, and not just a pose, they are really getting it right, are we?
Vacations are necessary and deserved. This unloading of responsibility and stress for a few days allows our brain to relax and return to its more natural state. That is why it is so important to take advantage of the time off. In this way we recover physical and mental strength to face the next work period. The temporary disconnection from that daily reality is a great good for our psyche and well-being.
"Leisure time is the best of all acquisitions."
-Socrates-
How to enjoy the holidaysAlthough it may seem incredible, many people are unable to disconnect during the holiday period. The enormous responsibility they feel they carry prevents them from enjoying their free time. For this reason, some of the ideas contained in the Stanford researchers' study may be of great help to a good number of people who are still unaware of the need for a well-deserved rest.
Change the conversationsDuring the vacations, do your conversations revolve around the same topics as the rest of the year? When you chat with other people or with your loved ones, do you find it boring and repetitive? It may seem unimportant, but nothing could be further from the truth.
Our conversations define us. We pour our own personal ideas and beliefs into them. But after a while, if they are repetitive, they can become tiresome. According to this study, it is important to change and vary them, especially on vacation, so we expand our world.
Use adversity as a method of enjoymentAs we have said, despite the photos on social networks where everything seems perfect, this reality is not always true. On a trip there are dozens of variables that could go wrong. You arrive at your vacation home and it's a mess. The child gets sick...
It is evident that adversity can always appear. And that's just the time to let go of the temptation of negative thoughts. There are lessons to be learned from everything. In fact, this summer season is a good time to put a good face on bad weather. Don't let anything or anyone spoil your time off.
Use your full determinationHave you ever thought that when something goes wrong, maybe the boycott comes directly from you, even if it's unconsciously? Sometimes, when our thoughts are very negative, we become our own enemies, even living in a paradise.
So, whether it's the vacations or any time of the year, use your full determination to get out of that maelstrom of dark thoughts. If your life is routine, get out of the rut. Look for opportunities where others see vicissitude. Enjoy what you have without thinking about what you could have.
"Joy is what happens to us when we allow ourselves to recognize how good things are."
-Marianne Williamson
It seems obvious that enjoying the vacations is not a whim, but a necessity. But be that as it may, it's up to us whether it's a wonder or a total disaster. On which side of the scale are you going to position yourself?
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п»ї<title>We all go through the curve of oblivion, but... do you know what it is?</title>

Ebbinghaus (1885) was the first to systematically study how we forget as time goes by. We are all intuitively aware of this phenomenon, so we review the information we want to keep in our memory, thus preventing it from being erased over time. Thus, we all slide down the curve of forgetting, even if we do not know how to make it explicit in this way.
The most curious thing is that in order to study this phenomenon, which happens to all of us to a greater or lesser extent but in a similar way, Ebbinghaus was his own experimental subject. In this way he ended up defining what is known today as the forgetting curve.
As we say, Ebbinghaus was the first psychologist to scientifically study memory, or at least he was the first to try to do so. He was educated at the University of Bonn, where he obtained his doctorate in 1873. He also spent his entire career as a memory researcher with one idea in mind: quantitative methods of analysis were applicable to higher mental processes.
In other words, Ebbinghaus believed that in psychology it was possible to measure and measure well. To this end, he did not hesitate to take as a reference variable one that we all measure: time. In his case, the time of forgetting.
He carried out a large number of very reliable experiments for the experimental control instruments available at the time. With these experiments he tried to describe the functioning of our memory on the basis of a series of laws.
For example, he conducted a test for the purpose of exploring memory, known as the "gap test", based on the repetition of sentences in which some words had been voluntarily omitted. With this work he not only hoped that it might work toward an understanding of the nature of learning and forgetting, but that it would have practical value in the educational arena.
"Ebbinghaus was the first psychologist to study memory scientifically."
Much of the criticism of his research findings is based on the fact that his interest was more in the acquisition of habits of verbal repetition rather than in the study of memory as it operates in everyday life situations. In other words, he is accused that his results are very good for controlled laboratory conditions, but that in real life our memory is subject to conditions that can hardly be replicated in a laboratory, such as motivation, unintentional review or the influence of emotional impact.
His works include The Intelligence of School Children (1897), Memory (1913), Textbook of Experimental Psychology, vol. 1 (1902), vol. 2 (1908). Before talking about the forgetting curve, it is necessary to know some basic aspects about memory and learning that will help us to better understand the importance of this curve.
It is not easy to define learning formally because there are many different perspectives. Each of them emphasizes a different facet of this complex process. One definition of learning might simply refer to observable behavior.
For example, the fact that someone drives a car well indicates that that person has learned to drive. Another definition of learning could also allude to a state of internal knowledge that could be demonstrated, in turn, by giving examples of how a theory is fulfilled.
"Learning is an inferred change in the mental state of an organism, which is a consequence of experience and influences in a relatively permanent way the organism's potential for subsequent adaptive behavior."
Many dictionaries define this type of learning as "knowledge acquired through study". In everyday language we say we know the Greek alphabet, the names of the bones of the inner ear or the stars of the constellation Cassiopeia. Both perspectives (observable behavior and internal state) are important and compatible views in contemporary learning theory.
Thus, learning can be defined as follows: "learning is an inferred change in the mental state of an organism, which is a consequence of experience and influences in a relatively permanent way the organism's potential for subsequent adaptive behavior".
Ebbinghaus' studiesThe laws of association directly influenced the study of learning. There is no better example of this than the work of H. Ebbinghaus (1850-1909). According to Ebbinghaus, the development of an association between two mental events could best be studied using stimuli that were devoid of any prior association.
Precisely, seeking to work with stimuli that were meaningless, Ebbinghaus used so-called nonsense syllables (BIJ or LQX) that he considered to have no inherent meaning. Ebbinghaus spent a lot of time associating one stimulus with another, and then reciting them.
Working in this way and with this type of stimuli (nonsense syllables), he directly tested many of the principles of association developed more than 100 years earlier. For example, he determined whether stimuli written together in the list would associate more strongly than syllables that were not close together.
Ebbinghaus's research confirmed many of the ideas first proposed by the British empiricists. For example, that proactive associations are stronger than retroactive associations (if the syllable "A" precedes the syllable "B", then "A" better evokes the memory of "B" than "B" the memory of "A"). Interesting, isn't it?
MemoryStudying learning is studying memory and, therefore, also the forgetting curve. He thinks that learning would not be possible without memory because each execution of a learned reaction requires the memory (partial or total) of the previous trial.
Phases of memoryThat which is stored in our memory, that which we learn, goes through at least three phases: encoding, storage and retrieval. In the first phase of all learning what we do is encode the information, translate it into the language of our nervous system and in this language make a place for it in our memory.
Secondly, during the retention or storage phase, the information or knowledge persists over time. In some cases this phase can be quite brief. For example, information in short-term memory lasts only 15 to 20 seconds, approximately.
"The three phases of memory are encoding, storage and retrieval."
In other cases, the storage of a memory may last a lifetime. This form of storage is called "long-term memory". Thirdly, the retrieval or execution phase is the one in which the individual remembers the information and performs the response, providing evidence of having learned previously.
If performance is adequate with respect to the levels shown during acquisition, we say that forgetting is minimal. However, if performance decreases significantly, we say that forgetting has occurred. Moreover, in many cases it is easy to quantify how much has been lost, how long it has taken us to lose a specific part of what we encoded at the time.
A fundamental challenge in psychology is to understand why memories persist once they are encoded or, conversely, why forgetting occurs after learning. There are several approaches that attempt to answer these questions.
Storage theoriesSome storage theories focus on what happens to information during the storage phase. For example, the decay theory states that forgetting occurs because memories weaken, or decline in strength, during the retention interval. It is something like what happens to footprints in the sand on the beach.
Although some evidence supports this view, few contemporary theorists describe forgetting in terms of memory decay.
On the other hand, interference theory asserts that forgetting occurs because competing memory items are acquired during the retention interval. For example, the acquisition of new information can cause us to forget previous information (retroactive interference). It happens when a problem has many complex statements instead of one simple one, and we get lost in the end.
Similarly, the presence of previous information can interfere with the expression of a newly formed memory (proactive interference). For example, we will remember someone's phone number better if it resembles our own.
"Few contemporary memory researchers describe forgetting in terms of memory decay."
Retrieval theoriesRecall theories claim that forgetting is the consequence of a failure to retrieve information during the performance phase. That is, the memory item "survives" the retention interval, but the subject simply cannot access it.
A good analogy would be to look in a library for a book that is misplaced on the shelves. The book is in the library (the information is intact) but cannot be found (the subject fails to retrieve the information). Much contemporary memory research supports this view.
The Ebbinghaus forgetting curveThe simple passage of time seems to have a negative effect on retention capacity. As mentioned above, it was Ebbinghaus (1885) who was the first to systematically study the loss of information in memory over time, defining what is known as the Ebbinghaus forgetting curve. The concept "curve" refers to the graph that emerged as a result of his research.
We have already seen that he himself was the subject of his research and that the study consisted of learning lists of thirteen syllables that he repeated until he made no mistakes in two successive attempts. Subsequently, he evaluated his retention capacity at intervals of between twenty minutes and one month. From this type of experiments he constructed his famous forgetting curve.
"One of the conclusions Ebbinghaus reached was that the simple passage of time has a negative effect on retention ability."
These results try to explain how long content can be retained in the memory if it is not sufficiently reviewed. The results found in his studies showed that forgetting occurred already after even the shortest intervals. Furthermore, he found that, with non-significant material and therefore without association, forgetting increased as time went on, very much at first and more slowly thereafter. Thus, if we were to plot this information we would see how the forgetting curve fits a logarithmic curve.
Thus, the forgetting curve illustrates the loss of memory over time. A related concept is the intensity of recall, which indicates how long a piece of content is retained in the brain. The more intense a memory is, the longer it is retained.
A typical graph of the forgetting curve shows how in a few days or weeks half of what we have learned is forgotten unless we review it. He also found that each review allowed the next one to be more distant in time if we wanted to retain the same amount of information. So, if we want to remember something, perhaps the first review should be done on the hour, so that the next review can be done after more time has passed.
The memory curve slopes very steeply when meaningless material is memorized, as Ebbinghaus did. However, it is almost flat when dealing with traumatic experiences. On the other hand, a shallow slope may be due, rather than to the characteristics of the information, to the fact that it is implicitly reviewed (i.e. by reliving experiences, by using the alphabet when looking up in a dictionary).
A practical example of how quickly data is forgotten, and therefore of the forgetting curve, if there is no review in between is the following: one day after having studied and not having reviewed, you can forget 50% of what you have studied. 2 days later, what you remember is less than 30%. 1 week later, you will be lucky if you manage to remember more than 3%.
Bibliography:
Tarpy, R. (2000). Learning: Contemporary Theory and Research. Madrid: Mc Graw Hill.
Bower, G. Hilgard, E. (1989) TeorГ­as del Aprendizaje. Mexico: Trillas.
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п»ї<title>What are behavioral addictions?</title>

Behavioral addictions are those that do not involve a substance or drug. People who suffer from them suffer a considerable deterioration in all areas of their lives, especially in the family, economic and work areas. Although with certain nuances, they are very similar in characteristics and consequences to drug addiction.
According to the study by JosГ© de Sola GutiГ©rrez (2014) the common criteria between the two can be summarized as:
Ability to "get hooked" on behaviors from which reinforcing consequences are derived.
Excessive preoccupation with consumption or behaviors that bring positive reinforcement.
positive reinforcement.
Tolerance or temporary satiety level.
Loss of control, where the frequency of the behavior increases becoming more and more automatic.
more automatic.
Difficulty in stopping or avoiding such behavior, despite the existence of significant negative consequences.
negative consequences.
Thus, the addict enters a loop of "consumption/behavior - abstinence - craving" in which the drug or addictive behavior becomes the central axis of his life. Practically all the behaviors he/she engages in are for and because of craving and consumption.
Difference between substance addictions and behavioral addictionsAs already mentioned, the two types share many characteristics. Both chemical and behavioral addiction lead to dependence, withdrawal and tolerance. However, the main differences must be taken into consideration when considering treatment.
The first difference lies in the withdrawal syndrome. In drug addiction, the physiological nature of the substance means that once the substance is consumed, withdrawal disappears. This does not necessarily occur with behavioral addictions, i.e., abstinence does not disappear even when the addictive behavior is performed.
The second difference has to do with comorbidity between substances or foci of addiction. In drug addictions, poly-drug addiction (consumption of several types of drugs) is very common. In non-substance addictions, it is not common to have several addictions (for example, pathological gambling and work addiction).
Most common behavioral addictionsPathological gamblingFormerly known as pathological gambling, it is defined as maladaptive, persistent and recurrent gambling behavior. The person usually begins to gamble gradually, and little by little the amounts and frequency increase. Between the economic losses that this produces and the addiction itself, the person becomes indebted and accumulates economic, labor, family and even legal problems. Finally, it is their own family members or those closest to them who usually force them to attend treatment.
Within this typology, it is worth mentioning that new technologies are increasingly facilitating the initiation and maintenance of gambling behavior. Online gambling rooms and online betting have increased the number of cases and the difficulty of treatment.
Compulsive shoppingAlso called shopaholic, this addiction is characterized by compulsive and impulsive buying of products without reason or need. They are not usually expensive products, but rather multiple small purchases that in the end end up with the person's economy. It is characteristic of industrialized countries, and is aggravated by card payments, as the money spent is not physically perceived.
Work addictionNormally, this addiction is measured by the number of hours that the person, without any economic or other need, dedicates to work. The number one priority is the job, and puts it before the rest of the areas of his life. It can even endanger his or her own life.
The workaholic does not take vacations or days off, and when he/she is not at work, he/she shows typical withdrawal symptoms. As in the previous case, workaholism is also usually characteristic of industrialized countries.
Sex addictionThis addiction is controversial, since it is necessary to establish a separation between addiction and behavior. Sex addiction appears if the requirements mentioned in the first section are met. It should be said that in this addiction there is suffering in the person, since performing the behavior does not alleviate the person's craving, but drives him/her to act again.
Addiction to screens: video games, television, social networks, etc. Belonging to the so-called "new addictions", this typology has a high prevalence among young people and minors. For a long time its inclusion within behavioral addictions was discussed, although it was finally demonstrated that it belongs to this group. Screen addiction includes the abuse of:
Video games.
Television.
Social networks.
Internet.
Computer.
Cell phones.
The role of the consumer industry in addictionsSince their beginnings, behavioral addictions took a long time to be recognized as addictions as such. Today, it is still controversial to discern what is addiction and what is not.
This creates a "moral vacuum" in society, which does not seem to be aware of the problem of non-substance addictions, which cause so much suffering.
Already, the ease of engaging in these behaviors is very simple: go shopping, gamble on a slot machine in a bar, open Instagram, turn on the TV... However, the consumer industry adds to this. Through incessant advertising campaigns it urges and reinforces the individual to carry out these actions, in principle harmful but which in certain individuals greatly hinders their treatment.
There is, by law, advertising that warns of the negative effects of consuming alcohol and tobacco. In addition, medicines and even some processed foods also come with recommendations about their consumption. Perhaps, as a first step, this is a solution to try to prevent the appearance of some types of behavioral addiction.
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